A Review on Recent CO2 Capturing Technology, a Nano-particle Adsorption Approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Chemical Engineering, Petroleum University of Technology, Abadan, Iran

Abstract

Innovative gas capture technologies with the objective to mitigate CO2 emissions are discussed in this
review. Emphasis is given on the use of Nanoparticles (NP) as Sorbents of CO
2, which is the most important
global warming gas. The existing NP sorption processes must overcome certain challenges before their
implementation to the industrial scale. These are: i) the utilization of the concentrated gas stream generated
by the capture and gas purification technologies, ii) the reduction of the effects of impurities on the
operating system, iii) the scale up of the relevant materials, and iv) the retrofitting of technologies in existing
facilities.
Thus, an innovative design of adsorbents could possibly address those issues. Biogas purification and CO
2
storage would become a new motivation for the development of new sorbent materials, such as
nanomaterials. This review discusses the current state of the art on the use of novel nanomaterials as
adsorbents for CO
2. The review shows that materials based on porous supports that are modified with amine
or metals are currently providing the most promising results. The Fe
3O4-graphene and the MOF-117 based
NPs show the greatest CO
2 sorption capacities, due to their high thermal stability and high porosity.
Conclusively, one of the main challenges would be to decrease the cost of capture and to scale-up the
technologies to minimize large-scale power plant CO
2 emissions.